top-down design - meaning and definition. What is top-down design
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What (who) is top-down design - definition

STRATEGIES OF INFORMATION PROCESSING AND KNOWLEDGE ORDERING
Top-Down Model; Top-down design; Bottom-up design; Top-down programming; Top-down planning; Top-down and bottom-up; Stepwise refinement; TOUP; Top down programming; Topdown design; Top-down approach; Top-down model; Top Down Design; Top-down & bottom-up design; Top–down and bottom–up design; Stepwise Refinement; Bottom-up and top-down design; Bottom-up and top-down
  • Building blocks are an example of bottom-up design because the parts are first created and then assembled without regard to how the parts will work in the assembly.

top-down design         
<programming> (Or "stepwise refinement"). The software design technique which aims to describe functionality at a very high level, then partition it repeatedly into more detailed levels one level at a time until the detail is sufficient to allow coding. This approach to software design probably originated at IBM, and grew out of structured programming practices. (1996-08-04)
Top-Down Model         
<programming> A method for estimating the overall cost and effort of the proposed software project from global properties of the project. The total cost and schedule is partitioned into components for planning purposes. (1996-05-29)
stepwise refinement         

Wikipedia

Top-down and bottom-up design

Top-down and bottom-up are both strategies of information processing and knowledge ordering, used in a variety of fields including software, humanistic and scientific theories (see systemics), and management and organization. In practice, they can be seen as a style of thinking, teaching, or leadership.

A top-down approach (also known as stepwise design and stepwise refinement and in some cases used as a synonym of decomposition) is essentially the breaking down of a system to gain insight into its compositional sub-systems in a reverse engineering fashion. In a top-down approach an overview of the system is formulated, specifying, but not detailing, any first-level subsystems. Each subsystem is then refined in yet greater detail, sometimes in many additional subsystem levels, until the entire specification is reduced to base elements. A top-down model is often specified with the assistance of "black boxes", which makes it easier to manipulate. However, black boxes may fail to clarify elementary mechanisms or be detailed enough to realistically validate the model. Top down approach starts with the big picture, then breaks down from there into smaller segments.

A bottom-up approach is the piecing together of systems to give rise to more complex systems, thus making the original systems sub-systems of the emergent system. Bottom-up processing is a type of information processing based on incoming data from the environment to form a perception. From a cognitive psychology perspective, information enters the eyes in one direction (sensory input, or the "bottom"), and is then turned into an image by the brain that can be interpreted and recognized as a perception (output that is "built up" from processing to final cognition). In a bottom-up approach the individual base elements of the system are first specified in great detail. These elements are then linked together to form larger subsystems, which then in turn are linked, sometimes in many levels, until a complete top-level system is formed. This strategy often resembles a "seed" model, by which the beginnings are small but eventually grow in complexity and completeness. However, "organic strategies" may result in a tangle of elements and subsystems, developed in isolation and subject to local optimization as opposed to meeting a global purpose.